《財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)與報(bào)告》知識(shí)點(diǎn)：Acquisition method

　　Acquisition method

　　Acquisition values use fair value.

　　FV of consideration given/received，which is the more clearly evident. 參F10-3

　　Acquisition with cash

　　Dr.Investment in subsidiary

　　Cr.Cash

　　Acquisition with parent common stock（use FV at date transaction closes）

　　Dr.Investment in subsidiary

　　Cr.C/S（at par）

　　Cr. A.P.I.C（FV-par）

　　Acquisition Method Features

　　100% of the net assets of acquired entity are recorded at fair value.

　　Unallocated PPA（Purchase Price Allocation）recorded as goodwill

　　The subsidiary‘s entire equity is eliminated.

　　Pass Key

　　Fair Value=Acquisition Price=Investment in subsidiary

　　CAR IN BIG F3-24

　　C/S，APIC，R.E of subsidiary are Eliminated.

　　Investment in subsidiary is eliminated

　　Noncontrolling interest（NCI）is created

　　B/S of subsidiary is adjusted to Fair value

　　Identifiable intangible assets of the subsidiary are recorded at their fair value.F3-32

　　Goodwill/Gain is squeezed.

　　Consolidating W/P eliminating journal entry

　　Dr.C/S

　　Dr.A.P.I.C

　　Dr.R.E

　　Cr.Investment in subsidiary

　　Cr.Noncontrolling interest

　　Dr.B/S adjustments to FV

　　Dr.Identifiable intangible assets to FV

　　Dr.Goodwill

　　Subsidiaries fair value（Pass Key F3-25）

　　FV of subsidiary = Acquisition cost + Noncontrolling interest

　　FV of subsidiary=（NBV + B/S FV adjustment）+ Identifiable IA FV + Goodwill = FV of B/S + identifiable IA FV + Goodwill

　　Acquisition cost + noncontrolling interest = FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV + Goodwill

　　Subsidiaries fair value（Pass Key F3-25）

　　企業(yè)被并重評(píng)值，總額要由對(duì)價(jià)定。

　　評(píng)估價(jià)值四大塊，賬面價(jià)值做基礎(chǔ)。

　　賬面價(jià)值不公允，差額調(diào)入合并表。

　　無形資產(chǎn)如可辯，公允價(jià)值表中增。

　　以上三塊相加后，仍與總額有差異。

　　差異從來不可辯，記入商譽(yù)列表中。

　　Subsidiaries fair value （Pass Key F3-25）

　　企業(yè)價(jià)值四大塊，至終濃縮為權(quán)益。

　　我是控股大股東，資產(chǎn)負(fù)債要全記。

　　其他股東分額小，但是權(quán)益還要占。

　　防止誤導(dǎo)投資者，非控股東權(quán)益出。

　　老板緊催交合并，大汽車中列表做。

　　Subsidiaries fair value （Pass Key F3-25）

　　大汽車?yán)镒龊喜?，個(gè)別報(bào)表按列排。

　　子方先把權(quán)益清，母方再把投資消。（CAR， I）

　　合并新增四項(xiàng)目，非控股東分凈值。（N）

　　賬面金額調(diào)公允，賬外可辯無形增。（B，I）

　　商譽(yù)總是被擠出，各列相加合并成。（G）

　　“在大汽車?yán)?rdquo;CAR IN BIG做合并的注意事項(xiàng)

　　CAR=Assets-Liabilities=Equity=Net book value

　　Compute the difference between book value and fair value as of the acquisition date

　　R.E.Squeeze back to acquisition date

　　Investment in subsidiary

　　Capitalize cost

　　Original cost：FV of the consideration given

　　Bond issue cost

　　Expensed cost

　　Out-of-pocket cost. legal fee，finder‘s fee

　　Indirect costs

　　Reverse with A.P.I.C

　　Stock registration and issuance costs.

　　考點(diǎn)：

　　Acquisition related costs must be EXPENSED.

　　Legal fee for acquisition must be expensed.

　　Noncontrolling Interest（NCI）

　　Only exist in consolidated F/S-B/S-Equity（5+1的1）

　　If not 100% owned，there must exist NCI in B/S

　　Reported at fair valu

　　NCI在B/S上的核算（參Appendix I）

　　BASE of NCI

　　B = FV of sub. X Noncontrolling interest %

　　A = NCI share of sub. Net income

　　S = Dividend declared to NCI

　　E = B + A -S

　　‘Full goodwill method’ NCI Vs. ‘Partial goodwill method’ NCI（F3-31）在Goodwill中列示

　　考點(diǎn)：NCI可否為負(fù)值？

　　答案：可以是負(fù)值。如果子公司的凈權(quán)益已為負(fù)值，在合并報(bào)表上，需要將虧損分配給NCI.

　　NCI對(duì)于I/S的影響（參Appendix I）

　　增加Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest和Net income attributable to XXX

　　Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest = Subsidiary‘s net income X noncontrolling interest %

　　實(shí)務(wù)擴(kuò)展，復(fù)雜資本結(jié)構(gòu)下的合并損益表下半段：

　　Net Income

　　Less：Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

　　Net income attributable to ABC company

　　Undistributed earnings allocated to preferred shareholder

　　Net income attributable to C/S of ABC company

　　EPS（Basic & Diluted）and Weighted average shares

　　NCI對(duì)于C/I的影響（參Appendix I）

　　增加Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest和Comprehensive income attributable to XXX

　　NCI對(duì)于Statement of changes in Equity的影響

　　增加 了equity attributable to the parent and equity attributable to the noncontrolling interest.

　　參Appendix I

　　實(shí)務(wù)擴(kuò)展。中國(guó)在美上市公司的change in equity通常比書上的例子多一列內(nèi)容Statutory reserve. 這是因?yàn)閂IE實(shí)體，多為中國(guó)公司法人，根據(jù)中國(guó)公司法，需要計(jì)提10%法定盈余公積，從而導(dǎo)致此列的增加。

　　NCI對(duì)于Statement of changes in Equity的影響

　　增加 了equity attributable to the parent and equity attributable to the noncontrolling interest.

　　參Appendix I

　　實(shí)務(wù)擴(kuò)展。中國(guó)在美上市公司的change in equity通常比書上的例子多一列內(nèi)容Statutory reserve. 這是因?yàn)閂IE實(shí)體，多為中國(guó)公司法人，根據(jù)中國(guó)公司法，需要計(jì)提10%法定盈余公積，從而導(dǎo)致此列的增加。

　　“CAR IN BIG”并的注意事項(xiàng)BIG

　　B/S adjustment of the subsidiary‘s records from book value to fair value.

　　Identifiable intangible assets related to the acquisition of the subsidiary are recorded at fair value. E.g. customer relationship，contract backlog，Non-compete agreement，Operating license，In Process R&D，etc.（F3-32）

　　考點(diǎn)：In Process Research and Development

　　對(duì)于母公司而言，被并企業(yè)的IPRD符合資產(chǎn)的定義（買該企業(yè)，就是因?yàn)榭粗性撈髽I(yè)的R&D很可能在將來帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)利益流入）。

　　先資本化掛在賬上，待研發(fā)項(xiàng)目結(jié)果明確后，再確定處理辦法。

　　并購(gòu)后的后續(xù)R&D支出，繼續(xù)費(fèi)用化。

　　如研發(fā)項(xiàng)目成功，則按受益期攤銷入R&D

　　如研發(fā)項(xiàng)目失敗，立刻write off入R&D

　　Goodwill價(jià)值的確定

　　Acquisition cost + noncontrolling interest = FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV + Goodwill 解方程

　　GW=（Acquisition cost +noncontrolling interest）-（FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV）

　　Goodwill的常見構(gòu)成（F3-33）

　　Assembled workforce，Distribution Channel，Know-how，Government relations，Technical Expertise，etc.

　　Full Goodwill Vs. Partial Goodwill

　　In GAAP，only Full Goodwill method

　　In IFRS，prefer Partial Goodwill method，but can elect Full Goodwill method on a transaction-by-transaction basis

　　Full GW=（Acquisition cost +noncontrolling interest）-（FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV）

　　Partial GW =（Acquisition cost）-（FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV）X % owned =（Acquisition cost+NCI）X % owned -（FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV）X % owned =[（Acquisition cost +noncontrolling interest）-（FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV）] X % owned = Full GW X % owned.

　　Partial GW = Full GW X % owned by control investor

　　Full GW=（Acquisition cost +noncontrolling interest）-（FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV）

　　Full GW method NCI=Acquisition cost X NCI %/Controlling interest %

　　Partial GW =Full GW X % owned

　　Partial GW NCI=（FV of B/S + Identifiable IA FV） X NCI % = Full GW method NCI – （Full GW – Partial GW）

　　由F-33/34命題可見，F(xiàn)ull Goodwill Method同時(shí)加大了Consolidation report中的Goodwill和NCI.請(qǐng)牢記GAAP，采用Full Goodwill Method

　　Concept Exercise （F3-36～40）

　　大汽車?yán)镒龊喜?，先把基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)。

　　RIn要調(diào)回并購(gòu)時(shí)，股價(jià)要看完成日

　　CAR與BIG在借方，IN在貸方列方程。

　　Goodwill是未知，方程求解算出來。

　　大汽車?yán)镎{(diào)整后，合并新增IaG ，

　　別忘同時(shí)調(diào)BV，F(xiàn)air Value總正確。

　　核心：CAR + BIG = IN

　?。?000K+400K+300K）+（200K+100K+G）=（2500K+0）

　　G=500K

　　Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

　　并購(gòu)當(dāng)期的注意事項(xiàng)

　　并購(gòu)現(xiàn)金凈額，記在Investing activity cash flow

　　當(dāng)期合并資產(chǎn)負(fù)債變動(dòng)＝合并期末資產(chǎn)負(fù)債-母公司期初資產(chǎn)負(fù)債-并購(gòu)日子公司資產(chǎn)負(fù)債。

　　并購(gòu)后的注意事項(xiàng)

　　使用合并凈利潤(rùn)

　　子公司支付給母公司的股利，應(yīng)抵銷。

　　增持子公司股份現(xiàn)金支出，記入“投資活動(dòng)”

　　Step Acquisition – Consolidation and Deconsolidation

　　From non-control to control（40%到60%）

　　Remeasure previous interest

　　Adjustment recognized in I/S

　　Remeasure adjust = Addition consideration/Addition % X old %

　　Dr. Investment in subsidiary

　　Cr. Gain

　　From control to more/less control（70%到80%或到60%）

　　Equity transaction

　　Adjust A.P.I.C

　　No Gain/Loss recognized on I/S

　　From control to non-control（60%到40%）

　　Disposal part，recognize gain/loss

　　Remain part，remeasure to fair value

　　Adjust I/S

　　Acquisition Method Disclosures

　　Business combination occurred in current period or from B.S date to F/S issued date.

　　Acquiree‘s name，date，%，reason，description etc.

　　Consolidation Disclosures

　　Disclose the consolidation policy being followed.

　　Acquisition Method Summary（F3-45）重要