ACCA《管理會計》：Sampling methods

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　　Sampling methods

　　· Random sampling 隨機抽樣

　　· Stratified random sampling 分層抽樣

　　· Systematic sampling 系統(tǒng)抽樣

　　· Multistage sampling 多級抽樣

　　· Cluster sampling 集群采樣

　　Random sampling 隨機抽樣

　　Random sampling means every item in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

　　Stratified random sampling 分層抽樣

　　This involves dividing the total population into strata or categories （for example age groups） and then taking random samples from each of the strata or categories.

　　Systematic sampling 系統(tǒng)抽樣

　　Systematic sampling is a sampling method which works by selecting every nth item after a random start. The gap is the sampling interval.

　　Multistage sampling 多級抽樣

　　Multistage sampling involves dividing the population into a number of sub-populations and then selecting a small sample of these sub-populations at random.

　　Cluster sampling （non-random） 集群采樣

　　· Cluster sampling involves splitting the population into convenient groups and then selecting a number of groups at random. Every item in the sample is then investigated.

　　· This is a non-random sampling method.

　　Quota sampling 配額抽樣

　　In quota sampling， randomness is forfeited in the interests of cheapness and administrative simplicity. Investigators are told to interview all the people they meet up to a certain quota.

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