Anyone in the U.S corn futures market could be forgiven for feeling seasick after the sharp swings of recent weeks. Don't expect the ride to finish anytime soon.

　　美國玉米期貨市場(chǎng)上如有任何人對(duì)近幾周玉米期貨的大幅波動(dòng)感到頭暈?zāi)垦＃@都是可以理解的。別以為這種波動(dòng)會(huì)很快結(jié)束。

　　Weather fears have helped Chicago futures for September delivery rebound from a 10% slide sparked by the Department of Agriculture's strong June estimate of domestic stocks and output.

　　投資者對(duì)天氣狀況的擔(dān)心促使芝加哥9月份交付的玉米期貨擺脫了暴跌10%的陰影，開始反彈。下跌是由美國農(nóng)業(yè)部6月份對(duì)國內(nèi)庫存和玉米產(chǎn)量的高預(yù)期所引發(fā)。

　　Tuesday, the USDA predicted more corn will be used to make ethanol than to feed animals this season for the first time in U.S. history. That is expected to continue, despite the likelihood the government will scrap the 45-cent-a-gallon tax credit for blending ethanol into gasoline.

　　美國農(nóng)業(yè)部周二預(yù)測(cè)，該季節(jié)將有更多玉米用于制造乙醇而不是用作動(dòng)物飼料，這是美國歷史上首次出現(xiàn)這種情況。預(yù)計(jì)這一現(xiàn)象將持續(xù)下去，盡管美國政府可能會(huì)取消向企業(yè)提供的在汽油中摻入乙醇可獲得每加侖45美分的稅收抵免政策。

　　The USDA also raised its estimate for ending stocks--the amount left at the marketing year's end--by 150 million bushels to 880 million bushels in 2010-11, and to 870 million bushels by 2011-12, both well below market expectations.

　　此外，美國農(nóng)業(yè)部還將玉米期末庫存(銷售年度末的剩余庫存量)的估算調(diào)高了1.5億蒲式耳，2010/11年度將達(dá)到8.8億蒲式耳，2011/12年度將達(dá)到8.7億蒲式耳，均遠(yuǎn)低于市場(chǎng)預(yù)期。

　　“It is too early to call for an end to the rally in corn, and the recent move by a number of analysts downgrading price forecasts appears premature,” said Barclays Capital analyst Sudakshina Unnikrishnan.

　　巴克萊資本(Barclays Capital)分析師Sudakshina Unnikrishnan說，現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為結(jié)束玉米期貨價(jià)格的回升為時(shí)過早，很多分析師近來都調(diào)低了價(jià)格預(yù)期，這似乎是個(gè)倉促之舉。

　　At Thursday's settlement of $7.164 a bushel, prices are well shy of the record $7.9975 of early June. Analysts point to several elements likely to lift prices.

　　周四的玉米期貨結(jié)算價(jià)為每蒲式耳7.164美元，遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)到6月初創(chuàng)下的7.9975美元的歷史紀(jì)錄。分析師指出了可能會(huì)提高玉米期貨價(jià)格的幾個(gè)因素。

　　First is the weather. The U.S. crop already has suffered planting delays because of heavy rains in the spring. Now, scorching temperatures across the Plains and western Midwest threaten to hurt yields during the crucial pollination period. Stocks already are at a 15-year low, so any dent in production would ripple through the market.

　　首先是天氣狀況。今年春天美國普降大雨，造成玉米延遲播種。而在目前十分關(guān)鍵的授粉時(shí)期，美國平原地帶和中西部地區(qū)的偏西地帶又艷陽高照，持續(xù)高溫可能會(huì)影響玉米產(chǎn)量。美國玉米庫存量目前已處于15年的低位，因此如產(chǎn)量再有任何減少，將對(duì)市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生影響。

　　And markets already are nervous about yields. The USDA kept its yield estimate at 158.7 bushels an acre, the third highest on record. This is likely to be downgraded in August, presenting “a bullish risk for the 2011-12 balance sheet” says Rabobank analyst Erin Fitzpatrick, at the same time as the USDA releases planting figures for the flood-hit states of the Dakotas, Minnesota and Montana, which account for 10% to 15% of the national crop.

　　其次，市場(chǎng)已開始擔(dān)心玉米產(chǎn)量問題。美國農(nóng)業(yè)部將其產(chǎn)量估測(cè)維持在每英畝(約合0.4公頃)158.7蒲式耳，在歷史紀(jì)錄上可謂第三高。荷蘭合作銀行(Rabobank)分析師菲茨帕特里克(Erin Fitzpatrick)說，這一估測(cè)可能會(huì)在8月份被調(diào)低，代表2011/12銷售年度資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表可能面臨看漲的可能。與此同時(shí)，美國農(nóng)業(yè)部發(fā)布了受洪災(zāi)影響的達(dá)科他州、明尼蘇達(dá)州和蒙大拿州的玉米播種數(shù)據(jù)，這三個(gè)州的玉米產(chǎn)量占美國全國玉米產(chǎn)量的10%至15%。

　　“We expect that this uncertainty will continue to be reflected in elevated price volatility and a higher risk premium that will support prices above our forecast,” said Goldman Sachs Group.

　　高盛集團(tuán)(Goldman Sachs Group)說，我們認(rèn)為有關(guān)玉米產(chǎn)量的不確定將繼續(xù)通過價(jià)格波動(dòng)幅度加大和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)溢價(jià)升高體現(xiàn)出來，這會(huì)促使玉米期貨價(jià)格高過我們的預(yù)期。

　　Then there is the speculation about demand from China. The USDA quadrupled its estimate of the Asian nation's imports for the next marketing year to 2 million tons after importers bought 540,000 tons of U.S. corn this month in the largest daily purchase since 1995.

　　再者，還有關(guān)于中國需求的猜測(cè)。美國農(nóng)業(yè)部已將亞洲國家下一銷售年度的玉米進(jìn)口量預(yù)期調(diào)高了三倍，至200萬噸。亞洲進(jìn)口國本月已從美國購買了54萬噸玉米，創(chuàng)下自1995年以來最大規(guī)模的日采購量。

　　News that Beijing intends to restart its 2.5 billion yuan ($386 million) investment program in large pig farms--the major driver of the country's corn consumption--means China's imports could double that. Any decline in prices recently has been met by higher demand. That looks unlikely to change.

　　有消息稱北京方面打算投資人民幣25億元(合3.86億美元)，重啟其大型養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)計(jì)劃，而養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)是推動(dòng)中國玉米消耗的主要?jiǎng)恿Γ@意味著中國的玉米進(jìn)口量可能要增加一倍。近來，無論價(jià)格下跌多少，需求都不斷增加，這種局面似乎不太可能改變。

　　Speculative investors have swooped in to buy back into corn's rally. Since Tuesday, funds have increased their length by an estimated 40,000 contracts to around 338,165 contracts. According to research by ANZ Bank, speculative money added 10%, or 60 cents, to prices from June 2010 to May 2011, so more fund interest is likely to drive prices higher for the next few weeks at least.

　　投機(jī)性投資者接玉米價(jià)格上漲趁機(jī)而入。周二以來，基金增加了估計(jì)4萬份玉米期貨合約，使其總合約達(dá)到338,165份左右。據(jù)澳新銀行(ANZ Bank)的研究報(bào)告顯示，2010年6月至2011年5月，投機(jī)性資金使玉米期貨價(jià)格上漲了10%(約60美分)，所以基金對(duì)玉米期貨興趣的提高可能會(huì)在至少未來幾周推高玉米期貨的價(jià)格。

　　Still, with millions of extra tons expected to come from Russia, Ukraine, Europe and Argentina in 2011-12, many expect prices to plunge again. “You've got to remember we're at $7 corn,” said a senior trader in London. “Anything that goes against the bullish sentiment could see us fall pretty hard.”

　　盡管如此，由于來自俄羅斯、烏克蘭、歐洲和阿根廷的數(shù)百萬噸玉米預(yù)計(jì)將在2011/12銷售年度上市，因此很多人認(rèn)為玉米期貨價(jià)格會(huì)再次大跌。倫敦的一位高級(jí)交易員說，你別忘了現(xiàn)在的玉米價(jià)格是7美元，發(fā)生任何不利于看漲情緒的事情，都可能讓我們跌得相當(dāng)慘。